Mirativity and Unexpected Information
Is this new or surprising information?
A grammatical category marking information as newly realised, unexpected or contrary to prior belief.
- T1 · Documented
Field record pending — no linked language specimens yet.
What linguistic research records.
- T2 · Interpreted
systems rarely mark values as unexpected relative to prior model state
How Lanskrit reads the code deficit.
- T3 · Proposed
Unexpected<T> annotations
Speculative constructs — not executable code.
- T4 · Executed
Not yet compiled to a deterministic runtime.
Deterministic runtime — the graft as running machinery.
Each tier is a different kind of claim. We keep them visually distinct so a reader can never confuse a field record with a deterministic run.
Documented
What linguistic research records.
- surprise or novelty of a claim
- contrast with prior expectation
Interpreted
How Lanskrit reads the code deficit.
- systems rarely mark values as unexpected relative to prior model state
Proposed
Speculative constructs — not executable code.
- Unexpected<T> annotations
Executed
Deterministic runtime — the graft as running machinery.
No executable runtime yet. This capability has not been compiled to a deterministic machine.
- anomaly-aware types
- expectation deltas as annotations
- The status of mirativity as a distinct category is debated in the literature.
No specific languages have been linked to this capability yet.
Cited as examples of the feature, not as claims about all speakers of these languages.
Under review
Research source pending verification.
Boundary with evidentiality is contested.
- Record version
- 0.1
- Last reviewed
- 2026-07-21
- Controversy level
- moderate